This is how you get the site locale in Concrete 5
In the controller
$site = $this->app->make('site')->getSite();
$defaultLocale = $site->getDefaultLocale();
$defaultLocaleCode = $defaultLocale->getLocale();
// This sets the variable so you can access it in the view
$this->set('defaultLocaleCode', $defaultLocaleCode);
In the view
var_dump($defaultLocaleCode); // en_GB